Microbiota, microbioma y su manipulación en enfermedades de la piel.
Palabras clave:
Microbiota, microbioma, microbiota cutánea, microbioma cutáneo, probióticos.Resumen
Cada vez, existe más evidencia de que el microbioma, juega un papel importante en la modulación de la respuesta inflamatoria y las enfermedades, siendo el equilibrio entre cepas patógenas, oportunistas y beneficiosas necesario para el mantenimiento de la homeostasis. El microbioma varía entre los sujetos debido a gran cantidad de factores endógenos y exógenos. Las alteraciones en este equilibrio pueden predisponer al huésped a ciertas enfermedades. En la actualidad, se ha demostrado la utilidad del uso de probióticos en múltiples patologías tanto para prevención como para tratamiento. La microbiota cutánea, se adapta y modifica en las diferentes etapas de la vida y se ha visto implicada en procesos tan simples como la cicatrización de heridas hasta patologías complejas como la dermatitis atópica, el acné y la rosácea. En esta monografía se revisará la importancia de la microbiota, el microbioma y su manipulación en enfermedades de la piel.
Microbiota, microbiome and its manipulation in skin diseases.
Summary
There is increasing evidence that the microbiome plays an important role in the modulation of the inflammatory response and diseases, with the balance between pathogenic, opportunistic and beneficial strains being necessary for the maintenance of homeostasis. The microbiome varies between subjects due to a large number of endogenous and exogenous factors. Alterations in this balance can predispose the host to certain diseases. At present, the usefulness of the use of probiotics in multiple pathologies has been demonstrated for both prevention and treatment. The cutaneous microbiota adapts and modifies in the different stages of life and has been involved in processes as simple as wound healing to complex pathologies such as atopic dermatitis, acne and rosacea. In this review, the importance of the microbiota, the microbiome and its manipulation in skin diseases is developed.
Keywords: microbiota; microbiome; cutaneous microbiota; cutaneous microbiome; probiotics.
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